We aimed to evaluate the relationships between parameters of carotid atherosclerosis and the future occurrence of micro and cardiovascular complications in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Evaluating software development is measuring the invisible. Using the arteriovision software, the physician generates a cimt measurement and a report that identifies the patients risk profile when compared to people of the same gender and age. Mti, a palm desert, ca company, has developed a diagnostic system to detect carotid atherosclerotic vascular disease in very early stages, when intima and media thickness is just a bit off baseline.
Use of handheld ultrasound by a nonsonographer clinician. Cimt can be used repeatedly with no adverse effects. Association between carotid intimamedia thickness and index of central fat distribution in middleaged and elderly chinese. A software metric stands for a potential area where measurement can be effectively applied to a certain software module or its specifications. What this does is provide a process that aligns the development of competencies knowledge, skills, abilities, attributes and behaviors in civilian volunteers in order for them to. Top 10 productivity metrics for software development.
An opensource, interactive, validated tool for measuring cimt and cld clinically was thus developed. Dmitry yakovlev is a software architect for dataart. Prognostic impact of carotid intimamedia thickness and. This lower boundary for cimt measurement actually identifies a relatively high wall thickness in the general population. Can single cimt measurement during echocardiography affect. Use of cimt in a clinical setting is limited by the variability in measurement and the lack of evidence for its use in clinical risk prediction. Report by the anatolian journal of cardiology anadolu kardiyoloji dergisi. We have developed dicombased software that measures cimt rapidly on multiple enddiastolic image frames. The aims of this study were to compare the performance of our new software with older bitmapbased cimt. Software measurement is a quantified attribute see also. In rare cases where appropriate images of distal cca could not be obtained, proximal or midcca images were used for cimt measurement. Establishing reference values for macro and microvascular.
Cimt measurements for vascular age uw health madison, wi. Carotid intimamedia thickness cimt has received interest as a predictor of cardiovascular events in recent years. Progression of disease over time is another independent risk factor. Making informed management decisions requires the right information, the kind of information that an effective software measurement program delivers. Taylor, md carotid intimamedia thickness cimt testing is recognized as a valid method for the noninvasive assessment of atherosclerosis. Carotid intima media thickness as a surrogate measure for. Therefore, number of studies demonstrated the presence impaired cimt in ra 821, and the change in the cimt found to be helpful in assessing possible effect of. Health, general adolescent obesity development and progression physiological aspects risk factors atherosclerosis care and treatment diagnosis blood pressure measurement blood pressure measurement body mass. The importance of carotid artery stiffness and increased intimamedia thickness in obese children. Cac and cimt granted a level 2a recommendation indicating these tests as reasonable to perform in the initial assessment of cardiovascular risk in order to refine the risk assessment. Eva yuan greater seattle area professional profile. See the complete profile on linkedin and discover evas connections and. One of the most widely used and best validated atherosclerosis imaging techniques is the ultrasound carotid intimamedia thickness cimt measurement.
For the successful software development and maintenance, measurement is a key technology. Careful evaluation of cimt studies reveals discrepancies in the comprehensiveness with which cimt is assessedthe number of carotid segments evaluated common carotid artery cca, internal carotid artery ica, or the carotid bulb, the type of measurements made mean or. The prognostic importance of carotid atherosclerosis in individuals with diabetes is unsettled. Cimt was measured with an orthogonal incidence of the ultrasonic beam to the axial artery course, on a 10 mm segment of the far wall of cca longitudinal projection avoiding non. Thicker carotid intimamedia thickness and increased. Ltd, tokyo, japan, was developed to improve the axial resolution of the cimt measurement accuracy and reproducibility using b. Measurements of carotid intima media thickness in non. Carotid intimamedia thickness cimt has been shown to predict cardiovascular cv risk in multiple large studies. A carotid intimamedia thickness test cimt, also known as a carotid artery imt ultrasound scan, uses ultrasound to measure the thickness of the intima and media, the two inner layers of the carotid artery. Clinicians who intend to monitor cimt in individual patients should be aware that betweenscan differences due to measurement error may be of greater magnitude than any biological variation.
A carotid intimamedia thickness test cimt, also known as a carotid artery imt ultrasound scan, uses. Health, general atherosclerosis investigations measurement. Use of handheld ultrasound by a nonsonographer clinician to measure carotid intimamedia thickness. Ultrasound us measurements of carotid intimamedia thickness cimt are used to assess the extent of arteriosclerosis and are a biomarker for the future risk of cardiovascular disease cvd and stroke 16. In addition, research studies have demonstrated the statistical. Carotid intimamedial thickness measured on multiple. But today that isnt sufficientshipping software that works but doesnt create value is not a good measure. The machine and software concept is optimized for the measurement of complex drive components using a technology that replaces up to six conventional measuring methods. Ultrasonographic parameters of carotid atherosclerosis, intimamedia thickness cimt and plaques. Association of dietary pattern with carotid intima media. Manual measurements have been performed in most epidemiological studies, but, due to the introduction of new technologies, automated software has been increasingly used. Carotid intimamedia thickness cimt measurements have been used in cardiovascular research for more than 2 decades. Measurement helps in estimation, quality control, productivity assessment and project control throughout a software project. Carotid intimamedia thickness cimt measured by bmode ultrasonography is a marker of atherosclerosis and is commonly used as an outcome in intervention trials.
Under qps guidance, organizations can implement the appropriate processes, collect the right application. Comparison between automated and manual measurements of. Publications home of jama and the specialty journals of. Cimt testing is a noninvasive ultrasound test that uses digital sophisticated edge detection software. The measurement of carotid intimamedia thickness cimt has been used as a marker of arterial wall disease. Studies have shown a 96% correlation between the disease found in the common carotid and the disease found elsewhere in. The techniques for imaging and measuring cimt along with the potential clinical applications of cimt will be discussed here. Of the total study population, fourteen children refused to have their bp taken and ten children would not undergo the ultrasound cimt measurement.
An innovative measurement software, intimascope media cross co. Thicker carotid intimamedia thickness and increased plasma vegf levels suffered by postacute thrombotic stroke patients yuyun yueniwati,1 ni komang darmiastini,1 eko arisetijono2 1radiology department, faculty of medicine, brawijaya university, malang, indonesia. Results showed that carotid studio overcomes the limitations of standard image analysis and that it is a suitable device for measuring imt and local arterial stiffness parameters in clinical studies. The test generates a cimt measurement and a report identifying your risk profile. The test is completely safe and painless and is done inoffice. This disconnect made it difficult to recruit study participants. Working software is the primary measure of progress. What is the standard unit of measure for software development. Single cimt measurement is of correspondent to the commonly used risk factors for the prediction of cvd 7. Software measurements quality software measurement. Validation of an opensource tool for measuring carotid. Carotid intimamedia thickness cimt measurement has emerged as one of the noninvasive methods of choice for determining preclinical asymptomatic atherosclerotic changes.
In other words, a metric assumes taking some data from your application development lifecycle and using it for measuring software developer productivity. There is a wealth of evidence showing that cimt can be assessed in a reproducible manner and that increased cimt relates to unfavorable risk factor levels and atherosclerosis elsewhere in the arterial system and to the risk of vascular events. Also, measurement is used by software engineers to gain insight into the design and development of the work products. No disrobing is required, no needles are used, and there is no exposure to radiation.
During the fourth week, all novices were able to achieve the cimt measurement 100%. View eva yuans profile on linkedin, the worlds largest professional community. Ltd, tokyo, japan, was developed to improve the axial resolution of the cimt. Carotid studio is one of the automatic measurement systems considered by the european network for noninvasive investigation of large arteries. Comparison between automated and manual measurements of carotid intimamedia thickness in clinical practice. For the expert, the feasibility was 83% in the first week and 100% in the fourth week. Association between carotid intimamedia thickness and.
Helps in management of the software development process and projects. The process of software measurement is defined and governed by iso standard iso 15939 software measurement process. Can single cimt measurement during echocardiography affect further investigation decision for coronary artery disease. Recently i read a blog post by mckinsey titled enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of application development. Carotid intimamedia thickness and apolipoproteins in. Ekokardiyografi esnasinda tek cimt olcumu koroner arter hastaligi yonunden daha ileri arastirma kararini etkiler mi. Rate of cimt change is also used as a surrogate endpoint for cvd in interventional studies to assess early effects of drug therapies 7, 8. To achieve this, software should be developed according to the functional and performance requirements, document development standards, and characteristics expected from professionally developed software. During the second week, novice 2 was unable to achieve the cimt measurement in 3 of 6 50% subjects, novices 3 and 4 in 1 17% subject each. Lessons from the past and promises for the future for. Early detection and intervention of risk factors of cvd are the key points for prevention and delay of cvd development.
Advances in nonnuclear imaging technologies clinical value of carotid intimamedia thickness testing patrick j. At uw health in madison, wisconsin, our heart and vascular care preventive cardiologists are national leaders in using carotid intimamedia thickness cimt measurements to predict cardiovascular disease. In addition, measurement assists in strategic decisionmaking as a project proceeds. Cimt is an early indicator of cvd being widely adopted. Measurement of carotid artery imt is reasonable for cardiovascular risk assessment in asymptomatic adults at intermediate risk. Careful evaluation of cimt studies reveals discrepancies in the comprehensiveness with which cimt is assessedthe number of carotid segments evaluated common carotid artery cca, internal carotid artery ica, or the carotid bulb, the type of measurements made. The recent development of portable digital ultrasound machines and userfriendly measurement software means that cimt is often promoted as a method for assessing cardiovascular risk or the effect of therapeutic interventions in individual patients 11,34. Cimt measurement is an independent risk factor even in the absence of any other identifiable risk factors.
The best metrics to measure the productivity of your software development are the metrics that you use to measure the business results. Moreover, this software allowed the users to spend considerably less time on each measurement 3. The aim of the software developer is to develop highquality software within a specified time and budget. The importance of carotid artery stiffness and increased. Carotid intimamedia thickness and the prediction of. Measurements were performed using automated edgetracking software automated cimt calculator, which obviated the need to perform manual measurements. Thus, these participants were clinically at low risk, although their intimamedia thickness criteria indicated the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis. I am a bean counter looking for a way to extract a means to measure the performance of a govt software development project during the implementation, test, and integration phases.